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Oracle打破了Linux 的Oracle rac（的Real Application Clusters ）封装的集群组成部分，并提供给Linux用户的不可破的Linux支持计划。
甲骨文公司所谓的针对Linux牢不可破的clusterware的软件不收取额外费用，它支持Red Hat Enterprise Linux和Oracle的Enterprise Linux 。该消息是周三在旧金山举行的开放原始码商业会议上发布的。 使用clusterware软件的用户能协调地活动于服务器之间。 "人们可以发展环境，为他们提供高可用性和可扩展性”，Monica Kumar，甲骨文公司高级总监的开放源代码产品营销说道，"我们认为，甲骨文的clusterware对于需要一个单一的高可用性解决方案来保护他们所有的应用的Linux用户是一个完美的选择，而它的价格，是无可比拟的。" “使用clusterware ，用户可以自由平衡好商品硬件与其在服务条款的可扩展性，可用性和性能时之间的关系，”她补充道。 此前， clusterware是对提供数据库集群rac的用户有作用。现在，用户将不再需要有rac而转而使用clusterware 。 甲骨文在2006年开始提供支持Red Hat企业Linux用户时就引起过争议，在一些人的努力下，其最终决定开放源代码给Linux分销商。 【赛迪网讯】3月30日消息，据美国思科公司资助的一项研究显示，视频及其它的Web 2.0应用已在全球商业用户中开始普及，而消费者的需求是推动这一潮流的主要原因。 据国外媒体报道，共有850名大中型企业的IT主管接受了此次调查，其中有50%的被调查者称已在使用Web 2.0工具，而另有24%表示要准备使用。调查称，推动IT主管们使用视频和Web 2.0工具的原因除客户要求外，还包括刺激企业销售增长、发展新客户、加强员工间协作等因素。 多数受调查者认为，网络基础设施相对落后是目前阻碍视频和Web 2.0技术普及的主要原因。思科网络系统部门高级主管玛丽·哈塔尔对此表示：“主流企业用户是否愿意使用视频和Web 2.0工具，主要取决于这些工具是否促进企业业务增长并增强企业的竞争力。”“公司IT部门的任务除了建立和运营企业网络之外，更重要的是通过为员工、客户和企业合作伙伴之间建立一种创新性的交流和协作网络，从而对公司的商业增长产生影响力。” 调查还显示，客户也在Web 2.0技术在企业应用中的普及发挥了一定作用，客户对创新产品和服务的需求促使30%的被调查公司增加了在Web 2.0 领域的投资。此外，26%的被调查者称，环境考虑也是促使Web 2.0技术在公司普及的一个因素。 报告称，就目前而言，企业对视频和Web 2.0工具的应用仍处于初始阶段。50%以上受调查者预计，今后5年内他们将在更广泛领域内使用视频和Web 2.0工具。66%受调查者认为，采用视频和Web 2.0工具的一个主要原因是加强员工间的协作；而56%的受调查者称，减少出差开支是他们应用Web 2.0工具的主要考虑。 无论微软还是苹果，乃至Novell，美国国家安全局（NSA）都受邀参与了它们各自操作系统安全系统的研究开发。上周太阳微系统公司发布公告，宣布国家安全局将参与OpenSolaris的开发。NSA参加的项目是Flexible Mandatory Access Control（可扩展强制访问控制，FMAC）。强制访问控制（MAC）是一种机制，为操作系统赋予更强的系统访问限制。Sun CEO Jonathan Schwartz 在博客上解释了以NSA合作的意义和NSA参与的工作范围。/.的评论认为NSA如果真要在开源软件内植入秘密代码，完全不需要这样大张旗鼓的宣传。它只要伪造一个人递交补丁就行了，因此这件事情也许显示了NSA对微软的封闭代码安全性不是很信任，它想找到一个他们能使用的安全的开源操作系统。
北京时间3月29日消息，据国外媒体报道，国际标准化组织(ISO)本周六就是否批准OOXML为国际标准举行了最终投票，目前投票过程已经完成，但最终结果要到下周某一时间公布。在此次投票中，有多个国家由反对转为支持，但中国继续反对OOXML。
OOXML是微软Office 2007的默认文件格式，凭借Office软件的巨大影响力，OOXML的支持者阵营囊括了苹果、英特尔、Novell、东芝、Java开发商、以及Linux发行商等著名企业或组织。但与此同时，由于担心微软垄断和不开放，OOXML也有很多反对者。他们认为，ISO不应当批准某一家公司的商业产品为国际标准。去年9月，由于未能获得足够多的支持票，OOXML没有在首轮投票中获准成为国际标准。 不过，微软还有第二次机会。3月29日，ISO成员将再度就这一议题进行投票表决。在两次投票之间，微软对OOXML进行了针对性的修改和调整，希望能获得更多ISO成员的支持。根据初步的消息，微软的努力已经收到了成效，原来反对OOXML的一些国家，例如捷克、丹麦、韩国、英国和爱尔兰都改变了立场，芬兰则由弃权转为支持。特立尼达和多巴哥也可能由弃权转而支持OOXML，但尚未得到证实。 也有国家由支持OOXML转为反对，其中包括委内瑞拉，肯尼亚则由支持改为弃权。当然，大多数国家在此次投票中都没有改变立场，加拿大、印度、新西兰、法国和中国继续投了反对票，美国和德国继续投了赞成票，荷兰和智利则继续投了弃权票。 OOXML要想成为国际标准，必须满足两项标准。首先，在32家P会员中，OOXML需要获得三分之二的支持；其次，在69家O会员中，只有反对率低于25%，OOXML才能成为国际标准。在第一次投票中，OOXML只获得了53%的P会员支持，以及74%的O会员支持，因此未能通过。 分析人士预计，在周六举行的投票中，OOXML获得了69.6%的P会员支持，O会员的反对率为20.2%。按照这一预测，OOXML将获准成为ISO国际标准 凭借此前，Eee PC在便携式移动电脑的大获成功，最近泄露的图片显示华硕将推出桌面版的Eee PC
从国外媒体的报道中，Eee PC桌面版将定名 eee Box，目前只有两张未经官方确认的设计图，如下：
Eee Box的具体配置配置方面不详，甚至目前并不清楚可以运行什么系统。不过从Eee PC推理，可以知道，Windows操作系统以及改良过的Linux都将成为其候选的操作系统。 从图片可以看出，Eee Box底部的支架可以方便的作为提携的把手，其小巧和廉价将冲击传统的桌面台式机市场。 级别： 初级 Luba Cherbakov (lubacher@us.ibm.com), IBM 杰出工程师、IBM 技术研究院的成员，IBM CIO 办公室, IBM 2008 年 3 月 24 日 面向服务的体系结构 (SOA) 由来已久，并在企业应用中已经得到广泛的认可，Web 2.0 也在迅速成长，可能在两年前就与面向服务的体系结构的流行程度并驾齐驱。许多客户和同事在问：“面向服务的体系结构和情景应用程序之间的关系是什么？”“它们互不相关还是存在互补关系？”“谁比较关注它们的区别，它们分别适用于两类完全不同的用户吗？”本文将介绍基于 Web 的情景应用程序 (SA) 对企业的适用性、与面向服务的体系结构的关系，以及如何将其用于改进企业 IT 的现状。本文将描述 IBM 在构建情景应用程序环境 (SAE) 方面的经验，开发 SAE 的目的是为了支持基于社区的计算，这种计算方式同时利用了传统面向服务的体系结构和新兴的 Web 2.0 技术和方法。另外，还将探讨几种情景应用程序，并了解其业务状况和问题、体系结构、实际业务成果、支持该解决方案的技术和经验教训。 级别： 中级 Chimezie Ogbuji (uche@ogbuji.net), 合伙人, Zepheira, LLC 2008 年 3 月 20 日 了解链接开放的数据（Linking Open Data，LOD），这一社区计划致力于将 Web 的形式从相互隔离的文档转变为更加广阔的信息数据空间。LOD 的关键原则是：简单，容易为 Web 开发人员所接受，并对其他许多流行的 Web 趋势起补充作用。了解如何使您的数据更容易被发现、更有价值且更易于重用（甚至支持未来的重用方式），从而让数据得到更广泛的使用。 在本专栏中，我一直侧重于 Web 2.0 技术中与开放、共享的数据相关的方面，而不是那些浮华的效果。Ajax 固然重要，如果使用得当，它可以改进 Web 站点的实用性。但 Web 提要、开放且 Web 友好的 API、第三方插件以及 mashup 功能才是 Web 2.0 真正的精华所在。与 Web 最初的领导者 W3C 联系密切的一个社区正致力于为这些功能提供一组具体而一致的实践。Linking Open Data（LOD）社区结合了 W3C 的愿景，使用语义特性，用主流 Web 2.0 标志性的实用主义增强 Web。这个社区的主要 Wiki 页面指出，社区的核心是一个半官方的 W3C 项目（见 参考资料）： W3C SWEO [Semantic Web Education and Outreach] Linking Open Data 社区项目的目标是，以 RDF 形式在 Web 上发布各种开放的数据集，并在来自不同数据源的数据项之间设置 RDF 链接，从而增强 Web 上的数据共用。 对于 W3C 来说，把重点放在 RDF 上是很自然的，因为 W3C 十年来一直在推广这种技术，但有一种发展趋势导致 LOD 倍受重视：人们逐渐意识到，在不同的领域坚持采用严格的 RDF 格式可能不是最好的策略，很难让 Web 开发人员接受这种策略。LOD 将 RDF 作为概念模型加以支持，但更加侧重于链接和开放性，而非任何一种语法。毕竟 RDF 是纯粹的 URI、链接和标签，因此任何包含这三种元素的模型都能与 RDF 系统顺利协作。整个 LOD 社区处于 W3C 的领导核心的外围，为本专栏中目前讨论的所有开放数据的优势提供支持，也将 RDF、Atom、JSON 等技术视为 Web 开发人员用于开放其数据的工具。 Why?
You said: I have been reading the OOXML storm in a teacup for more than a year now. Am looking forward to the approval of OOXML as an ISO standard and to be able to move the discussion back to the things that actually matter: free and open source software. I think we all agree that what matters is Free and Open Source software. Where we differ is in the looking forward to the ISO approval of OOXML. How would this be beneficial to FLOSS? The implication is that the long string of "countless bytes" being "wasted" on this subject would be over, and we will all get back to writing about more important matters. The problem with this way of thinking is not to hard understand. Most of the Free Software community is strongly opposed to OOXML as an ISO standard, either because of the FACT that it is a horribly incomplete and unimplementable document format or the FACT that OOXML is redundant. ISO already approved a document standard, ODF. Punditry and lobbying will not get us very far, real work will. Surely, you don't honestly think the pundits do that work, do you? I'm a pundit and sure I submit bug reports (not as often as I should), I write software (not as much as I'd like), but my real contribution is as an advocate, to my customers and to my visitors. (and pretty much anybody else who doesn't run screaming from the room) So I ask you again, how will ISO approval of a proprietary, incomplete, Microsoft format, benefit the Free Desktop, or Open Source office applications? In short Why Miguel? Why are you looking forward to it? We have about 24hrs left for the decisions of member countries to be tallied. I for one, am looking forward to Monday, when we (hopefully) will have a single open and implementable document format. I look forward to Microsoft supporting that format in order to meet the requirements of government agencies the world over who mandate their data be Vendor Neutral and long lived. Looking forward to Microsoft subverting an International Standards Organizations submission process, and beginning a new era of vendor lock-in and monopolistic office suites seems to be antithetical to Free and Open Source philosophy. Of course there is another possibility. Perhaps, and this pure speculation of the wildest kind, but perhaps, you care less about the philosophy of open source and Free Software than you would have us believe. Perhaps you speak publicly from the same script as Patrick Durusau, mainly that ISO approval of OOXML is good for ODF. I am as persuaded by your argument as I am by his. You seem completely unfazed by the questionable tactics Microsoft has employed to try to ram this spec down the ISO's throat. Maybe it is time for you to get back to your roots. Your entanglement in Microsoft technology has become more troubling every year. It is as if, you cannot see the thorns of the brambles you are wading through. It troubles me personally, the free desktop world needs good coders and if nothing else you certainly are that. What happened to you Miguel, you used to be cool? MrCopilot This is a verbatim copy of an email sent to Miguel, No comment section on his blog. Original link: http://mrcopilot.blogspot.com/20... The maker of a Second Life sex bed has settled a lawsuit with a Texas man it accuses of stealing its products and selling them himself. The lawyer for Eros LLC said the case establishes important legal concepts.
What’s Linux with a Lineage? Verio Linux VPS delivers root access, advanced FairShare technology for better performance, and support that's actually supportive. It's all from Verio, the Virtual Private Server technology pioneer with over 500,000 customers. Test-drive Linux VPS here. A dispute over sales of virtual sex toys has resulted in a real-life slap on the wrist for a Texas teenager. Eros LLC, a Tampa Bay-area company that creates virtual sex scripts in the online world Second Life, sued Robert Leatherwood, 19, last year claiming he copied, displayed or distributed Eros products without permission. Eros creations allow Second Life users to equip their online personas, or avatars, with realistic genitalia and engage the avatars in various sexual actions. Much Ado About Little A federal judge accepted a settlement in the case last week that doesn't involve money or an admission of wrongdoing from Leatherwood. Reached at his grandmother's home in North Richland Hills, Texas, he acknowledged he sold Eros products but said the whole case had been overblown. "I did it in private," he said. "I wasn't out to do a huge market thing. I was doing it for a little bit of money." 'Moving On' He said he stopped selling Eros products online a year ago and rarely uses Second Life anymore. He called the case "ridiculous." Francis Taney, a Pennsylvania attorney representing Eros, said owner Kevin Alderman, of Lutz, Fla., is "moving on." Taney said the case is one of two real-world legal fights he's launched on Eros' behalf involving activity inside Second Life. While settlements don't create legal precedents, Taney said the case does seem to transfer some real-world principles to the online universe. "This is a technology that has to be dealt with by lawyers, by business people, by regular citizens," Taney said. "I think it fits quite nicely into existing concepts." Original link: http://linuxinsider.com/story/Se... Safari Books Online's Rough Cuts user-oriented online publishing service lets subscribers get the first access to prepublished manuscripts on cutting-edge technology topics. Users have access to the manuscript so they can send feedback to the author along with suggestions, fixes, and comments to the editor and author. The users can learn about new technology, and the author gets feedback and insights.
What’s Linux with a Lineage? Verio Linux VPS delivers root access, advanced FairShare technology for better performance, and support that's actually supportive. It's all from Verio, the Virtual Private Server technology pioneer with over 500,000 customers. Test-drive Linux VPS here. With today's ever-changing technology, traditional classroom learning just doesn't provide emerging skill sets fast enough. So businesspeople are turning to blogs, wikis and online communities to get the information they need quickly. In fact, according to Dennis Kilian, the education evangelist for Safari Books Online, studies show that 80 percent of learning is informal, and companies are now experimenting with new avenues for corporate learning. "People in the workforce are using information for career development," says Kilian. "Adults are driven by an internal process, whether it's for personal growth or just to make more money. Sometimes they need to find new information on a whim, sometimes it's just-in-time learning, or sometimes, it's just-in case learning ... the e-learning community has changed dramatically." Although e-learning isn't a replacement for the traditional classroom, he says, it's another option. It's a way to stay current and keep a timely reference library at your fingertips, whether by online tutorials or finding a community of likeminded thinkers. People can also get a jump on new technology on the horizon, he says. They can find out what they need to know as it's being developed, especially in technology, which changes so rapidly. Always Available |
北京时间3月29日晚消息，据国外媒体报道，在加拿大召开的全球黑客大会当地时间周五落下了帷幕，除了安装Linux的索尼Vaio笔记本电脑安然无恙外，另外一台安装了Vista的富士通笔记本在最后一天也被攻破。
本周三，全球黑客顶级赛事“CanSecWest PWN 2 OWN”在温哥华拉开了帷幕，主办方提供了三台运行不同操作系统的笔记本供参赛者实施攻击，分别是Linux、Mac OS X和Vista。获胜者将获得2万美金的奖金及被攻破的笔记本。不过随着时间的推移，奖金也在不断缩水，每过一天将减少一半。 比赛第一天，主办方规定参赛者只能实施基于系统本身的网络攻击，而不能借助用户的互动行为，由于难度较大，所有参赛小组都未能成功攻破。 苹果微软操作系统相继被攻破 第二天，即周四，主办方放宽了攻击规则，允许参赛者引诱被攻击用户访问含有恶意代码的网站，或打开含有恶意代码的电子邮件附件。由 Independent Security Evaluators的研究人员查理·米勒(Charlie Miller)等组成的小组在3Com旗下网络安全部门TippingPoint的专家协助下，利用事先准备好的恶意代码和Safari浏览器的一个漏洞，在2分钟内成功攻破了MacBook Air笔记本。该小组除了领到1万美元的奖金，还把被攻破的笔记本领回了家。 周五，由谢恩·麦考利(Shane Macaulay)等人组成的小组攻破了Vista笔记本。麦考利也是去年黑客大赛的获胜者之一。由于此前并不知道攻击目标是安装了SP1的Vista版本，因此麦考利是在VMware公司专家的指导下完成此次攻击的。 根据大赛规定，麦考利及米勒均不得对外泄露他们所攻击的系统漏洞，直到相关软件公司发布了补丁程序。不过，麦考利透露，“漏洞存在于别的地方，但Java的内在性质使得我们避开了微软的安全保护机制。”麦考利周五在得奖后对媒体表示，“这对Linxu或Mac OS X都有所影响”。 麦考利解释说，之所以选择Vista是因为自己曾经为微软承包过项目，因此对微软产品更为熟悉。而米勒则解释说，选择Mac为攻击对象是因为Mac相对较为容易攻破。对此，麦考利并未否认，“我想有这个可能。” 尽管此次有少数参赛小组试图攻击Linux系统，但均未获成功。参会的网络安全专家透露，此次参赛的400名黑客中，有人的确发现了Linux漏洞，但却没有按照大赛要求开发攻击代码 谷歌中国首席战略官郭去疾在2008中国软件技术英雄会的演讲中透露，谷歌当年曾与eBay共用机房，并曾“误伤”eBay公司的服务器。 在今天的演讲中，郭去疾展示了谷歌早期机房的照片，并讲述一些当年趣事。“很早以谷歌机器跟eBay机房放一起，谷歌机器发很多热，就拿电风扇吹，最后把eBay机器搞坏了。”郭去疾说。
还有一个在谷歌内部流传的笑话是，曾经有一个机房按面积收费，结果对方不知道谷歌机器“在同样面积可以堆很多”。做一年之后，该机房破产了。主要原因是，谷歌的机器堆了很多，用了很多电，他从谷歌收的钱根本不够交电费。 郭去疾表示，谷歌“从第一天开始就把自己当成计算公司，而不是搜索公司”。因为一开始没有钱，所有机器都是东拼西凑来的，谷歌做成了一套世界上从来没有人做过的基于低成本的PC体系。 如今，谷歌全球的服务器数量已非常惊人。郭去疾没有透露谷歌目前服务器总量，但他称谷歌每年新增的服务器数量能赶上全球前四大服务器制造商的产量。 郭去疾也指出，正因为谷歌已在计算机与计算能力方面拥有深厚积累，这些年来诸多公司试图赶超谷歌均未能成功。 他还透露，谷歌全球负责中英文翻译的团队一共只有3个人，而且没有一个懂中文。但谷歌翻译服务目前全球领先，让人难以置信。这其中“四两拨千斤”的秘诀是，谷歌拥有比别人多的数据。 巨人网络刚刚确认，该公司第二款自主研发的免费网游《巨人》在正式公测中已突破20万人同时在线的大关。 据悉，在今日傍晚19时22分，《巨人》同时在线人数已超过20万人。这意味着，《巨人》正式公测仅4个小时便达到了巨人网络CEO史玉柱之前所放出的目标。 《巨人》是一款战争题材的免费网游，它于2007年12月29日正式启动内测，并于今日15时正式公测。史玉柱对《巨人》公测的目标是：“10万人以下的公测对我们来说是失败的，15万算好的，20万是优秀的。所以《巨人》的目标将是保10万，争15万，冲20万。” 针对《巨人》的公测活动，有“营销奇才”称号的史玉柱打出了“美女牌”，称将把《巨人》打造成中国美女玩家最多的网游。此外，所有参加公测的玩家还将获得800元公测费、每个新区抽20名5000元现金奖项等多重优惠。 史玉柱曾放言，《巨人》将是2008年最好玩最火爆的网游，并称将把《巨人》打造成中国美女玩家最多的网游。 据悉，女性玩家可以在公测开始后向系统上传照片与身份验证，巨人公司对玩家资料进行核实与评选，将对被认为是美女的玩家“发工资”，每个月500元游戏金币，一年价值6千元。3月26日，巨人网络正式在全国开展线下的美女玩家认证，第一天就在全国各地认证了132名美女玩家。 截稿前，来自巨人网络的消息称，《巨人》的在线人数还在继续攀升。实际上，《巨人》的公测也成为了业界关注的焦点，因为巨人网络此前依靠《征途》单款游戏就杀入国内市场前三。 分析人士预测，如果《巨人》能复制《征途》的成功，两款网游在握的史玉柱将有望“捣乱”国内网游市场格局
【赛迪网讯】3月30日消息，第六届成都国际电脑节启动仪式暨AMD成都分公司开业庆典于昨日(3月29日)在成都举行，AMD正式宣布成都分公司成立并投入运营，这是AMD公司继大中华区总部落户北京中关村、投资苏州CPU封装测试厂和建立上海研发中心之后又一举措，意味着中国市场布局正日臻完善。
据了解，成都分公司设立了销售、市场、技术支持、解决方案开发等业务部门。AMD表示将根据客户和市场的需求不断拓展业务，加强与西部高新科技企业、科研机构的合作与技术交流，并以自身先进的技术助力西部地区的信息化建设和自主创新进程。AMD全球高级副总裁、大中华区总裁郭可尊女士指出：“成都不但具有较好的自然和人力资源，而且也是重要的电子产品集散中心。AMD一直以来都将西部地区作为着力发展的战略市场。此次落户成都，希望能更加贴近西部地区的消费者，并进一步带动AMD与西部各省及本地优秀企业的纵深合作。” 苹果本周开始了对Leopard操作系统的第三个升级包的大范围测试。据称，Mac OS X 10.5.3中包含对超过70个bug的修正和其他新特性。 另外一个关于苹果的消息：苹果昨天晚上发布了专业图像处理软件Aperture 2.1，Aperture是专门针对摄影师设计的图像处理软件，不同于Photoshop，Aperture更专注于对数码照片的优化和管理。官方定价为1789元。此次升级最主要是引入了开放的插件机制，使用者可以在程序中更容易的使用第三方插件处理图像。此外还有许多其他功能上的改进。
级别： 中级 马 若劼 (maruojie@cn.ibm.com), 软件工程师, IBM 中国软件开发中心 2008 年 3 月 20 日 JFace Text Framework（JFace 文本框架,后面直接简称为 JTF）是 Eclipse 中重要的框架， 是其它开发工具的基石之一，比如 JDT (Java Development Tool) 中的 Java 源代码编辑器就是基于 它开发的。相信用过 JDT 的人都会对它的源代码编辑器有深刻印象，因为它的很多功能可以让我们很 方便的编辑 Java 源代码，比如语法高亮和内容提示等等。所有这些功能都是在 JTF 架的基础上实现的， 所以学会使用这个框架对于开发某种语言的编辑工具是至关重要的。即使不是为了这个目的，学习 这个框架也有助于提高对 Eclipse 整体的认识。但是JTF本身也确实是一个复杂的框架，非几句话能 解释清楚。本系列文章以 JTF 的特性为中心，逐个介绍某个特性的相关概念以及实现方式，并且会给 出相应的示例程序。因此随着系列的进行，示例程序会发展成一个全功能的编辑器。本文是此系列 文章的第一篇，列举了 JTF 的一些特性，并且简略的介绍了 ANTLR 的相关技术，为后续的文章做好了 铺垫。本系列的所有代码都是在 Eclipse 3.3 上调试运行的。 JFace Text Framework（JFace 文本框架,后面直接简称为 JTF）是 Eclipse 中重要的框架，是其它 开发工具的基石之一，比如 JDT (Java Development Tool) 中的 Java 源代码编辑器就是基于它开发的。 相信用过 JDT 的人都会对它的源代码编辑器有深刻印象，因为它的很多功能可以让我们很方便的编辑 Java 源代码，比如语法高亮和内容提示等等。所有这些功能都是在 JTF 架的基础上实现的，所以学会 使用这个框架对于开发某种语言的编辑工具是至关重要的。即使不是为了这个目的，学习这个框架也 有助于提高对 Eclipse 整体的认识。但是JTF本身也确实是一个复杂的框架，非几句话能解释清楚。 本系列文章以 JTF 的特性为中心，逐个介绍某个特性的相关概念以及实现方式，并且会给出相应的示 例程序。因此随着系列的进行，示例程序会发展成一个全功能的编辑器。本文是此系列文章的第一篇， 列举了 JTF 的一些特性，并且简略的介绍了 ANTLR 的相关技术，为后续的文章做好了铺垫。本系列的所有 代码都是在 Eclipse 3.3 上调试运行的。 级别： 中级 王 夕宁, 软件工程师, IBM 中国软件开发实验室 SOA设计中心 2008 年 3 月 20 日 本系列围绕 BPEL 的一些高级话题展开讨论，本篇是该系列中之二，侧重于探究 SOA 最新规范 WS-BPEL4People 及其在 WebSphere Process Server 中的实现。由 IBM、Adobe、SAP、Oracle、BEA systems 和 Active Endpoints 所组成的业界著名的流程供应厂商，于 2007 年 6 月 25 号发布了有关新提议的 WS-* 规范的最终草案——一份名为“WS-BPEL4People”的规范。相比于处理业务过程自动化的 WS-BPEL，WS-BPEL4People 规范，更侧重于为 SOA 增加一般的人员工作流能力，尤其是对最近被批准的 WS-BPEL 2.0 规范而言。 Web 服务业务流程执行语言 WS-BPEL 当前并未涵盖人工用户交互；WS-BPEL 主要设计用于支持基于 Web 服务的自动化业务流程。不过，在实际中，很多业务流程场景都需要进行用户交互。由 IBM 和 SAP AG 联合发布的白皮书说明了业务流程中涉及用户的各个场景，然后定义了用于处理这些场景的相应 WS-BPEL 扩展。 IBM WebSphere Process Server 中引入的人工任务可为基于人工的 Web 服务提供基础设施。这些任务以典型的人工工作流系统提供的功能为基础，其功能经过了扩展，包含了成熟的升级和通知功能，以及为人工任务指定丰富的用户界面的功能。 本文从原理与业务场景的角度重点探究了这一 SOA 最新的规范 WS-BPEL4People，并基于规范分析了其在 IBM WebSphere Process Server 中的实现情况，最后提出了几种常见的 WebSphere Process Server 中基于人工任务的业务流程模式。 业务流程的完全自动化虽然非常不错，但在实际中却是不可能实现的，因为有些活动要求相关人员做出判断，或要借助人员的专业知识（例如手动处理异常情况或审批请求等），这些活动将始终由人进行。在整个业务流程中，和任何其他任务一样，人工任务是一项服务，不过是通过人员活动（而不是程序）实现的，由相关人员（而不是计算机）执行。 因此，在 SOA 编程模型中，人员活动可以作为 Web 服务实现。该服务被调用时，将通知承担任务的个人进行相关工作，并将输入数据以恰当的形式传递给此人。任务完成后，将产生相应的结果，服务会返回到其调用方，并将此结果作为输出数据传递给调用方。该结果实际由相关人员得出这一事实可能对调用方完全透明。该场景采用异步调用来支持运行时间长的服务，远程过程调用（remote procedure call，RPC）样式的同步调用并不适合处理人工任务（或任何其他运行时间长的服务）。 将人工任务作为 Web 服务呈现还具有另一个优势，可以将人工实现替换为自动化步骤或自动与人工步骤的组合，而不必对业务流程剩下的部分进行重新编码。将由人实现的活动建模为 Web 服务是一个合理的设计选择，因为其他替代方法有很多明显的效率低下之处。例如，在业务流程编排中执行几个步骤后在需要借助人员的专业知识时直接停止，然后稍后再次重新启动流程编排，而两个断开的编排序列之间不存在任何逻辑连接。 级别： 初级 Peter Seebach (dw-xml@seebs.net), 作家, 自由职业 2008 年 3 月 19 日 一直以来，OOXML 规范不断受到一些人的指责和抵制，以至于很多人都想知道它究竟有什么缺点。本文将解释反对将 OOXML 作为标准的技术原因（而非政治原因）。 我在标准化领域工作了很长时间（包括近十年来在 ISO C 标准委员会的志愿者工作）。大多数对标准化感兴趣的人对于 Microsoft 提出的基于 XML 的文档格式 Office Open XML (OOXML) 的标准化过程都有自己的看法。通常，我并不会撰文谈论自己的观点，但就最近 IBM 努力摆脱 OOXML 这一说法，我想表明自己的观点，但首先我要明确声明：我并不是 IBM 的员工，本文所述均是我本人的观点，并且这些想法与 IBM 在这一问题上的立场无关。 从很多方面讲，OOXML 标准确实是一种重要的规范。实际上，不论是否指责 OOXML 标准化过程中的政治因素，围绕它的标准化过程始终充斥着政治纠葛（参见 参考资料）。然而，抛开所有这些政治因素，还存在严重的技术问题，范围涉及 XML 是否是标准的最佳选择以及标准化的目的。所有这些内容都为我提供了很好的切入点，我还将谈论影响 OOXML 成为标准的因素。 标准存在的目的就是实现互操作。如果我的文字处理程序和您的文字处理程序可以打开相同的文件，那么我就可以轻松地与您共享文件。如果不能的话，就会产生麻烦。这意味着，在缺乏标准的情况下，我们将花费大量的时间和精力解决缺少共享文档格式的问题。文字处理程序供应商要花费令人难以置信的时间和精力研究彼此的文档格式，以便能够互相导入和导出文件，这样，用户才能在保存文档后打开它并加以查看。 "Software patents are evil." Ask almost any free or open source software advocate, and they'll tell you that software patents kill creativity and keep computer science from advancing as rapidly as it would if everyone shared their basic work with everyone else, unencumbered by patents or other restrictions. But computer science professor Fred Popowich of Simon Fraser University says this is not necessarily true. So does attorney Larry Rosen, who spent many years as legal counsel for the Open Source Initiative starting (literally) before it had a name. How could these two august gentlemen possibly believe that software patents can be the basis of a new method of developing and distributing open source software? Instead of trying to summarize their new business model, we sat down with them, turned on our video camera, and gave them a chance to tell you what they're up to, themselves, in their own words. Their company is called International Characters. It already has one software patent pending -- and professor Popowich assures us that the company has software that's ready to download and use today; that this isn't a pipe dream but a "right now" thing. If nothing else, even if you disagree with the way International Characters is doing business, you've got to admit that they've come up with an interesting way to combine software patents with open source. Whether it will work -- and whether others follow in their footsteps -- is another matter. We'll just have to keep an eye on them and see how things go, won't we? Original link: http://www.linux.com/feature/130... It would seem as though there is little left to do in the world of word processing and office suites but fix bugs, ensure compatibility, and add tiny little new features to advanced features no one uses. That is not necessarily true, though.
Imaging you had only ever used a browser that browsed the internet and did nothing else. What else is there to add to that browser, you would think? But, now, if you had a browser that did nothing but browse the web, it would seem like a feature-free browser and you would switch right back to Firefox will all your extensions. The same thing could happen in office suites. If you have not already figured it out, what I am saying is that extensions are likely to be the next big innovation (or copied innovation from browsers) in office suites. (After all, OpenOffice is already starting to put more focus on extensions.) It is easy to think “oh yeah, extensions will be great,” but what kind of extensions would you really use in an office suite? Well, for one thing, there are always the time-wasting extensions. You could have RSS feeds, or a media player, or whatever just to waste time have fun. On the more useful side of things, you could have an extension that looks up words on some website and displays the result right inside the office suite. Another example would be an extension that could pull in data, such as stock prices, from a web site. If extensions do take off, it will give OpenOffice another advantage over Office. Since OpenOffice is already moving in the direction of extensions and Microsoft is often slow to implement new features, it seems almost certain that OpenOffice will get a boost over Office from really supporting extensions. This is turn would give Linux a boost, because the more people who like OpenOffice, the more people who don’t have to worry about Office not existing for Linux. Original link: http://www.linuxloop.com/news/20... Both Red Hat and Oracle had excellent quarters, but Oracle's was apparently not "excellent" enough for Wall Street's tastes. Its shares and the market went south this week on fears that technology spending is in decline. In addition, Wall Street apparently didn't notice that Red Hat actually raised its fiscal year 2009 guidance this week. Consolidation is one way to improve earnings in a down market, but open source may well be a better way as The New York Times opined. Oracle's total software revenue was up 21 percent, to $4.2 billion. Pretty good. Unfortunately, it was well under the 30 percent growth Wall Street was expecting. More unfortunately, Oracle's third-quarter application license revenue only increased by 6.6 percent, to $451 million, which was well below the 30 percent growth ($553 million) that Wall Street expected. As Sarah Friar explains in The Wall Street Journal, ...(C)ompanies typically buy such software when they are embarking on new projects and are likely to dial back such purchases in tough economic times. But the same affliction isn't showing up in Red Hat's earnings. Red Hat's percentages were roughly the same. Red Hat's quarterly revenue rose by 27 percent over the fourth quarter and annual revenue in fiscal year 2008 was up more than 30 percent. Red Hat's numbers are much smaller compared with Oracle's, of course, but one thing that really stands out is its deferred revenue number, which was up 40 percent. As I read that number, Red Hat is doing more longer-term deals. Basically, it's sitting on a growing mountain of cash that is just waiting for services to be performed before it can recognize that revenue. It means that Red Hat's future is demonstrably, tangibly bright. Here are some salient facts from the Red Hat announcement: Total revenue for the quarter was $141.5 million, an increase of 27 percent from the year-ago quarter and 5 percent from the prior quarter. Subscription revenue for the quarter was $121.9 million, up 27 percent year over year and 5 percent sequentially. For the full year, total revenue was $523 million, an increase of 31 percent over fiscal 2007 revenue, and subscription revenue was $449.8 million, up 32 percent from the prior year. Oracle is projecting 10 percent to 20 percent sequential quarterly growth. Red Hat, too, needs to find ways to super-charge its growth. But for the moment, I think it's enough for the company to be demonstrating a flight to value in recessionary times. Investors may bemoan the fact that it's harder to mint money with an open-source company, but this may simply be a new reality for the software industry. We had a few decades of anomalous growth when there was a mismatch between the economics of production and consumption (i.e., write once, manufacture an infinite number of my products for roughly zero cost, but charge customers steep prices as if the economics of digital production didn't exist). Open source and the Web are going to bring things back into alignment. For now, Oracle is a good bet in the stock market. If any company is going to weather the recessionary storm, I'm betting it will. But for those with a longer-term view on the software industry, it would be wise to bet on open source. Original link: http://www.cnet.com/8301-13505_1... Back in November of 2005, when polled on application areas that they would be reluctant to trust to open source, the following group of individuals - nearly to a person - pointed to mission critical databases:
* Gary J. Beach (Editor, CIO Magazine) * Ameet Patel (Former CTO, LabMorgan (JP Morgan Chase)) * Don Haile (President & CIO, Fidelity Investments) * Ron Rose (CIO, Priceline.com) * Jamie Cash (CIO, NLG) * Barry Strasnick (CIO, CitiStreet) What’s changed since November of 2005? Little. With the rare exception, most of the open source database vendors have declined to storm the castle, believing - correctly - that they were not in a position to compete effectively in such markets. Many also accurately anticipated that even if they were technically equivalent, the strategic importance of the software and the attendant risk to changes to it would preclude migrations, wholesale or otherwise. At which point, open source database vendors had a choice: pack up the tents and head home, or attempt to capture or create new and emerging markets. Some undoubtedly chose the former, but several pursued - successfully - the latter course of action. Unable to duplicate their proprietary rivals in profit margins and revenue, they’ve instead eclipsed them in adoption. All of which explains why I’m surprised that anyone is surprised by the 451 Group’s report on the impact of open source on the database market. The word choice is controversial and surprisingly harsh (Matt calls it a glass half empty) from the perspective of open source database vendors, but I find little to argue with in its assessment of current market conditions: Six hot open source startups and projects got notice at the Open Source Business Conference this week.
Not surprisingly, many of them are in software categories deemed most vulnerable to open source disruption, including collaboration and conferencing, social publishing, sales automation, application deployment and developer tools. Alfresco CMS business development chief and OSBC founder Matt Asay said open source keeps moving higher up the stack, and into niche areas. “Open source has moved beyond CRM into new territories,” Asay said during his opening remarks at the San Francisco conference. “It’s been an even better year for enterprise open source.” At the show, executives from SugarCRM, Zenoss and the Olliance group were asked to weigh in on what they thought were the most promising open source commercial offerings and open source projects. SugarCRM CEO John Roberts’ pick is the open source collaboration project and company DimDim whose web conferencing and meeting service — now in private beta testing and soon to move to public beta — will rival WebEX and Citrix Go-To-Meeting. The Web 2.0 service company employs former Apple executive Steve Chazin and offers free, professional and enterprise editions of Dimdim. Several observers at OSBC expressed high hopes for Acquia, an Andover, Mass. company founded in 2007 that plans to ship its first commercial product based on the Drupal open source social web publishing platform this fall. The software, code-named Carbon, was highlighted in several sessions at OSBC. Matt Asay makes one crucial observation in Microsoft’s dilemma: The importance of the downstream:
To work within the open-source community… Microsoft must stop polluting the downstream with patent encumbrances. (Emphasis in original.) This is my problem with Microsoft’s patent pledge, with the Microsoft-Novell deal over codecs for Monopolight, and just about everything coming out of Redmond except for the pretty words of the open source interoperability lab. Discriminatory distribution clauses are contrary to the four freedoms of software. Couching that discrimination in the language of business ($40 billion in annual revenue seems like a pretty fair return for $7 billion in annual research to me) and waving the tired old tatters of the flag of innovation doesn’t make that discrimination right, and it doesn’t hide it very well. If Microsoft wants to interoperate with free software at the source level, it has plenty of source code — all of Microsoft’s own source code and all of the free software ever distributed. If Microsoft wants to interoperate with free software at the business level, it could start by removing legal roadblocks to interoperability. The fact that the company continues not to do so leads me to believe that Microsoft doesn’t really want to interoperate with free software at a business level. As long as the company offers only jingoistic pats on the head to us misguided little hackers laboring part time in our basements with no commercial aspirations, there’s little point in considering anything that comes out of Redmond as useful. In eight months since Nat Torkington asked Bill Hilf What Will Change at Microsoft with Regard to Patents and F/OSS, nothing interesting has happened. OSCON’s four months away. Maybe Bill Hilf will have a big announcement then — maybe he’ll have set up mail filters. Don’t hold your breath for a sane patent strategy. Original link: http://www.oreillynet.com/linux/... |
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